installation and procedure (Windows 2000)

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During a standalone installation, hotfixes are applied to a computer that is already running Windows 2000. When you run the hotfix package, it automatically installs the updated system files and makes the necessary registry changes. After the computer is restarted (required only for some system files that are used during the installation), the installation is complete and Windows 2000 runs with an updated file set.

You can install hotfixes by running the hotfix package, which extracts the hotfix files and runs the Update.exe installation program. Update.exe then checks the service pack version you are currently using. If the service pack version was released before the hotfixes, and the language is the same, the Update.exe program installs the hotfixes automatically. If your service pack version was released after the hotfixes, the installation is not completed and an error message appears, stating that the version is incorrect.

Note

If your service pack version was released after the hotfixes, and you were completing an unattended installation (using either the /U or /Q option), Setup does not continue and no message appears.

If the language of the hotfixes does not match the language you have set up for Windows 2000, Setup does not continue. If there are no version conflicts, Setup continues the installation. The Update.exe program registers the hotfixes under the following registry keys:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE \Software\Microsoft\WindowsNT\CurrentVersion\Hotfix\
KB######

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE \Software\Microsoft\Updates\Windows 2000\SP5\KB######

During the installation, information for removing the hotfixes is stored in a hidden folder named systemroot\$NtUninstallKB######$.For information about removing hotfixes, see Removing Windows 2000 Hotfixes later in this document.

The following sections describe how to install Windows hotfixes from a shared network distribution folder.

Standalone Installation Methods
There are several ways you can perform a standalone installation. These include running the Windows2000-KB######-x86-LLL.exe program manually with a combination of installation options, using Microsoft Systems Management Server (SMS), or using Microsoft Windows Installer.

You can distribute hotfixes either by using a shared network distribution folder or by downloading the hotfixes from the Web. Because this guide is intended primarily for corporate users, the standalone installation procedures in this guide focus on the shared network distribution method, which is the most common means of hotfix distribution for this audience.

The instructions in this section explain how to install hotfixes on computers that are already running Windows 2000.

Command-Line Options for the Hotfix Package
The following table identifies the command-line options that the hotfix package supports.

Command-line option Description
/F Forces other applications to close after installation is completed and before the computer restarts.
/N Does not back up files for removing hotfixes.
/Z Does not restart the computer after the installation is completed.
/Q Uses quiet mode; shows no user interface.
/U Uses unattended Setup mode. Requires no user interaction and shows only critical errors.
/L Lists installed hotfixes.


Installing Hotfixes on Computers Running Windows 2000
To install a single hotfix on a single computer

To install a Windows 2000 hotfix on a single computer, run the hotfix package on the computer that you want to update. The hotfix package is formatted as follows:

Windows2000-KB######-x86-LLL.exe

You can create a shared distribution folder on the network for the hotfix if you want to install it on more than one computer. The following procedure describes how to install one or more Windows 2000 hotfixes using this method.

Note

In the following procedure, Drive represents the drive of the network or computer where your distribution folder is located.

To install a hotfix by running a hotfix package from a shared distribution folder

Connect to the network or computer on which you want to create the distribution folder.
On the network or the computer, create a distribution folder for the hotfix files.
For example, to create a distribution folder named Hotfix, type the following:

mkdir Drive:\Hotfix

Navigate to the folder you want, right-click the folder, and then click Properties.
Click the Sharing tab, and then click Share This Folder.
In Share Name, enter a name for the folder.
Click Permissions, and then add permissions that allow users to install their hotfixes from this folder.
If you are using an NTFS file system partition, click the Security tab, confirm that the permissions listed there do not conflict with those on the Sharing tab, and then click OK.
Copy the Windows 2000 Hotfix package to the distribution folder that you created in step 2.
To install the hotfix from the shared network distribution folder, run:
Windows2000-KB######-x86-LLL.exe

For example, to install the hotfix from the distribution folder named Hotfix, you would type the following:

\\servername\sharename\Hotfix\Windows2000-KB######-x86-LLL.exe

Use the command-line options described in the table provided in the preceding section.

To ensure that your hotfixes take effect, restart your computer after you finish installing all of the hotfixes.
Installing Several Hotfixes Together
You can group multiple hotfixes together in a batch file and install them as a unit. This prevents you from having to restart your computer after each hotfix is installed.

The following code sample is a batch file that installs hotfixes and ensures that the correct files are replaced after the computer is restarted.

@echo off
setlocal
set PATHTOFIXES=Drive:\hotfix

%PATHTOFIXES%\Windows2000-KB######-x86-LLL.exe /Z /U
%PATHTOFIXES%\Windows2000-KB######-x86-LLL.exe /Z /U
%PATHTOFIXES%\Windows2000-KB######-x86-LLL.exe /Z /U
Important

To ensure that the hotfixes you installed take effect, restart the computer if the batch file does not automatically restart it for you.

The Combination Installation Back to Top

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The combination installation installs hotfixes and one or more of the following:

Windows 2000.
Windows 2000 service packs.
Additional software from Microsoft or other companies. This additional software might be included on a service pack CD.
This section provides instructions you can use to perform a combination installation that includes Windows 2000 and hotfixes in unattended Setup mode.

You can perform a combination installation by including the components that you want to install with the hotfixes as entries in the Svcpack.inf file. You can also choose to install SP4 at the same time.

Installing Windows 2000 with the Service Pack and Hotfixes
This section explains how to perform a combination installation of Windows 2000 integrated with the service pack and post-service pack hotfixes. It also explains how to copy to a shared distribution folder on your network each of the elements to be installed. This is part of preparing for a combination installation.

The combination installation makes it unnecessary for you to perform separate installations of Windows 2000, the service pack, or the Windows 2000 hotfixes.

Important

To install Windows 2000 with hotfixes, you must use the method described in this section.
Make sure that any hotfixes you install were released after the service pack version with which you want to install them. For more information about this, see article 290074, "Slipstreaming Earlier Fixes Into an Integrated Installation Share Breaks the Share," in the Microsoft Knowledge Base.
This process installs the Windows 2000 hotfixes during Windows 2000 Setup.
You cannot remove hotfixes that were installed by using the combination installation method unless you reinstall Windows 2000.
Preparing for the Combination Installation
Before you run Windows 2000 Setup to deploy the installation of Windows 2000, SP4, and hotfixes across a network, you must copy the installation files for Windows 2000 and the hotfixes to a shared distribution folder. You must then complete the additional steps described in the procedure, To create and set up the required folders and files, later in this section.

If you are an OEM, and you plan to install additional OEM files (for example, device driver, application, or component files) on the destination computers, create a \$1 subfolder within the \$OEM$ subfolder. The \$1 subfolder maps to systemdrive, the destination drive for the Windows 2000 combination installation.

Note

In the following procedure, Drive represents the drive name of the network or computer where your distribution folder is located.

To create and set up the required folders and files

Connect to the network or computer on which you want to create the distribution folder.
In the shared folder on the network, create a distribution folder for the Windows 2000 installation files. For example, to create a distribution folder named W2000, type the following:
mkdir Drive:\W2000\

Ensure that only the system administrator has full access to this folder. Other users should have only Read and Execute permissions.

To verify that you have assigned the appropriate permissions, use steps 3 through 7 in the preceding procedure, "To install a hotfix by running a hotfix package from a shared distribution folder."

Insert your Windows 2000 product CD into the CD-ROM drive, and then, using the following syntax, copy the contents of the CD to the distribution folder that you created in step 2:
xcopy /E /I /V D:\i386 Drive:\W2000\i386

Remove the Windows 2000 product CD from the CD-ROM drive, and then, to perform a combined installation that includes SP4, insert the service pack CD. Otherwise, to install hotfixes with Windows 2000 only, skip to step 7.
Apply the service pack source files to the Windows 2000 Installation files located in the folder named W2000\i386 by typing the following:
W2ksp4.exe /S:Drive:\W2000

Note

For a list of command-line options you can use with this command, see "Command-Line Options for Update.exe and W2ksp4," in Microsoft Windows 2000 Service Pack 4 Installation and Deployment Guide (SPDeploy.htm).

Edit Drive:\i386\dosnet.inf to add svcpack to the [OptionalSrcDirs] section as follows:
[OptionalSrcDirs]
uniproc
svcpack
Create a Drive:\i386\svcpack subfolder.
Copy the hotfix package (Windows2000-KB######-x86-LLL.exe ) to the Drive:\i386\svcpack folder by using the 8.3 naming format (KB######.exe), where ###### represents the actual hotfix number.
If you are deploying multiple hotfixes, copy and rename all of the hotfix executable files.

Expand the hotfix to a unique temporary location. For example, to expand the files to a folder called samplefolder, type the following:
Drive:\i386\svcpack\KB###### /X:Drive:\samplefolder

From samplefolder, for each hotfix, copy a catalog file (KB######.cat) and hotfix binary files (such as .exe, .dll, or .sys) as follows:
Copy KB######.cat to the Drive:\i386\svcpack folder. If you are deploying multiple hotfixes together, copy the catalog file from each of the hotfixes to be deployed. Each hotfix has a unique catalog file that you must copy in the format KB######.cat. Do not copy empty.cat.
If the same binary file exists in multiple hotfix packages, keep only the file with the highest version number.
For each binary file included in the package, determine whether the same file exists in the i386 folder. (You can usually identify these files in the shared folder by the underscore (_) at the end of each file name.) Delete these binary files that will be replaced in the i386 folder.
Copy the hotfix binary files and any subfolders for the hotfix to the i386 folder.
For example, i386\uniproc\* files in the hotfix must be copied to the i386\uniproc folder of the shared installation folder. You do not need to copy Update.exe, Update.inf, SPmsg.dll, SPcustom.dll, SPuninst.exe, Update.ver, or symbols files.

For each file copied in step 10 (except for KB######.cat), check Dosnet.inf to determine whether each hotfix binary file name is listed under the [Files] section. All files listed under [Files] are preceded by "d1,". This appears as follows:
d1,Filename

If a hotfix binary file name is not listed for each hotfix under the [Files] section, add an entry using the syntax:

d1,Filename.

For example, if a hotfix contains Win32k.sys, because Win32k.sys is not listed in Dosnet.inf, "d1,win32k.sys" must be added under the [Files] section of Dosnet.inf. This ensures that the hotfix version of Win32k.sys will be copied during Windows 2000 Setup.

Delete the Drive:\i386\Svcpack.in_ file.
Create a new Svcpack.inf file in Drive:\i386 by using the applicable following content, depending on whether you want to deploy a single hotfix or multiple hotfixes. (Replace ###### with the numbers for your hotfix .cat file).
To deploy a single hotfix, set up your file as follows:

[Version]
Signature="$Windows NT$"
MajorVersion=5
MinorVersion=0
BuildNumber=2195
[SetupData]
CatalogSubDir="\i386\svcpack"[ProductCatalogsToInstall]
KB######.cat
[SetupHotfixesToRun]
KB######.exe /options
The recommended options for hotfixes are /Q, /N, and /Z. These options prevent messages from being displayed on computers to which you are deploying the hotfixes. This makes the hotfix installation invisible to user.

To deploy multiple hotfixes, set up your file as follows:

If you are deploying multiple hotfixes simultaneously, add an entry for each hotfix under both [ProductCatalogsToInstall] and [SetupHotfixesToRun] (as shown in the example that follows).

The following lines illustrate how these sections they would appear for an installation in which multiple hotfixes are installed. If you are installing a service pack, you do not need to include details about the service pack because it is included in the installation, independent of this process.

[ProductCatalogsToInstall]
KB123456.cat
KB123478.cat
KB123490.cat
[SetupHotfixesToRun]
KB123456.exe /options
KB123478.exe /options
KB123490.exe /options
The recommended options for hotfixes are /Q, /N, and /Z.

Using Svcpack.inf to Deploy the Combination Installation
You can deploy Windows 2000 and the hotfixes to multiple computers from a shared distribution folder on a network. During the standard installation process, Windows 2000 Setup (Winnt.exe or Winnt32.exe in unattended Setup mode) installs the operating system and applies the hotfixes.

To deploy the installation

Customize Windows 2000 Setup, as necessary. For more information about how to do this, you can view Help by entering the following command from the deployment folder:
\i386\winnt32.exe /?

For more detailed information, see the Winnt32.exe command syntax topic in the Microsoft Windows 2000 Professional Resource Kit.

Run Windows 2000 Setup (Winnt.exe or Winnt32.exe in unattended Setup mode) to deploy the installation of Windows 2000 and the hotfixes to multiple computers from the shared distribution folder.
Removing Windows 2000 Hotfixes Back to Top

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You can use Add/Remove Programs in Control Panel to remove a Windows 2000 hotfix. You cannot remove hotfixes that were installed as part of a combination installation, however, unless you reinstall Windows 2000.

If you install multiple hotfixes that each replace the same files, and you want to return your computer to its original state, you must remove the most recently installed hotfix first, the next most recently installed hotfix second, and so on.

For example, assume that you installed HotfixA, then HotfixB, and then HotfixC, and they each replace the same file. To return your computer to the state it was in before you installed HotfixA, you must remove HotfixC first, followed by HotfixB, and then HotfixA. If you try to uninstall the hotfixes in the wrong order, a warning appears listing all hotfixes and programs installed since you installed the hotfix that you are trying to remove. If you proceed, these hotfixes and programs might not work correctly.

To remove a Windows 2000 hotfix

Click Start, point to Settings, and then click Control Panel.
Double-click Add/Remove Programs, click KB######, and then click Change/Remove.
Follow the instructions that appear on your screen.